Sway brace fitting

ABSTRACT

A versatile sway brace fitting, includes a pair of spaced jaws, for firmly and deformingly gripping a brace, and a method for manufacturing the fitting. The fitting can withstand substantial loads and is adaptable to receive a variety of braces such as bracing pipes, angle irons, channels, plates, among others. The fitting includes a set screw, preferably angled, and a sharp-cornered recess which assist in resisting withdrawal of the brace from the jaws. The method of manufacturing is desirably simple and expeditious, thereby ensuring that the fitting is inexpensive.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to devices for bracing pipes and other loads, suspended below ceilings and beams, against sway and seismic disturbances, and, in particular, to a sway brace fitting for firmly gripping a brace.

2. Background of the Related Art

There is a multitude of products in the market utilized by building and plumbing contractors for bracing and supporting pipes, ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners and other loads from ceilings and beams. These products include clamps, braces, hooks, straps, plates, brackets, among other items. There are various types of braces, for example, pipes, channels and angle irons, with pipes being the most commonly used. Typically, one end of a bracing pipe is attached to the load utilizing, for example, a clamp or a bracket. The other end of the bracing pipe is connected to the ceiling or a beam. The manner in which this connection is made to the ceiling or beam and the components used are important in determining not only the load-carrying capacity of the brace but also influence the time and labor expended in installing the brace.

There are many types of sway brace fittings and related components in the prior art. One commonly used sway brace fitting has female threads which engage one end of a correspondingly sized, threaded bracing pipe. Such a design limits the use of the fitting with threaded pipes only and can also restrict its load-carrying capability. Additionally, the use of a threaded pipe, as compared to using a similar unthreaded pipe, undesirably adds to the cost of the sway brace system.

Another popular sway brace fitting employs a nut-bolt combination to secure the bracing pipe. This involves drilling a hole through the bracing pipe prior to installation. The bolt traverses the fitting and the bracing pipe and is secured in place by the nut. Disadvantageously, the labor and/or time consumed by such an installation is an undesirable additional expense.

Other sway brace fittings use a set screw which perpendicularly engages the wall of a bracing pipe and, thereby frictionally retalns the bracing pipe. Some of these fittings may alternatively employ set screws with a cone point which perpendicularly digs into the bracing pipe wall for additional load-carrying capacity.

While some of the above-mentioned prior art sway brace fittings may be attachable to braces other than a bracing pipe, such as angle irons or channels, this attachment would generally require the use of an additional structural attachment component, thereby undesirably adding to the complexity and cost of the sway brace system and its installation.

Thus, there is a need for a versatile sway brace fitting which can not only withstand substantial loads, but is also attachable to a variety of bracing members, is simply and expeditiously installable, is economical to manufacture and, hence, is desirably inexpensive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A sway brace fitting constructed in accordance with the present invention overcomes the afore-noted disadvantages by incorporating a pair of spaced jaws which can accommodate a variety of braces, along with a set screw, preferably having a cone point and preferably being angled, for securely and deformingly engaging the brace wall. Additionally, a yoke is incorporated with the sway brace fitting which facilitates attachment of the fitting to the desired surface.

The sway brace fitting is part of a bracing system used to prevent swaying of pipes and other loads suspended below ceilings and beams. The fitting firmly grips one end of the brace while the other end of the brace is connected to the load. The yoke is used to attach the sway brace fitting to the ceiling or beam.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sway brace fitting comprises a clamp center plate, a clamp collar plate, a set screw, and a connector pin. The clamp center plate includes a first jaw having a recess for receiving deformed material of the brace wall caused by forcible engagement of the brace wall with the set screw. The clamp center plate further includes a slot for receiving the clamp collar plate and for spacing and aligning the jaws to receive an end of a brace. A support, which is preferably incorporated into the center plate, is disposed adjacent to and above the center plate jaw and extends partially over the center plate first jaw.

Preferably, the clamp collar plate includes a pair of legs spaced by a slot having a closed end and an open end, and a second jaw with a threaded opening positioned substantially adjacent to the closed end of the collar plate slot. The collar plate legs are substantially U-shaped proximate to the open end and are aligned with a hole at one end of the center plate to receive a connector pin which couples the collar plate and the center plate.

The set screw preferably engages the collar plate threaded opening such that it is disposed substantially in line with the recess of the center plate and is threadably movable in the opening. The first jaw recess preferably has a sharp corner which engages the deformed material of the brace wall to resist withdrawal of the brace from between the jaws. Preferably, the threaded opening is angled, which in turn angles the set screw when it is engaged in the threaded opening. The angle orientation is such that when a tensile load is applied to the brace, the set screw is forced more tightly into the brace wall. Additionally, the center plate preferably has an edge positioned closely adjacent to the set screw which prevents movement of the set screw when a compressive load is applied to the brace. Moreover, the center plate support resists bending of the collar plate second jaw and advantageously orients a substantial portion of the applied load parallel to the plane of the center plate. Preferably, the set screw has a cone point for firmly lodging in to the wall of the brace, thereby securely clamping the brace against the center plate first jaw.

The sway brace fitting of the present invention may be manufactured by machining, casting or forging, but a preferred method of manufacturing the sway brace fitting includes stamping flat strips of metal into the desired shapes. A first strip of metal is stamped into a generally rectangular shaped plate. The stamping includes punching an opening through one end of the plate, and punching a slot in an opposite end of the plate to create a pair of spaced legs such that the slot has a closed end which is spaced from but aligned with the opening. The opening is threaded and the free ends of the legs are bent into a generally U-shape to form a clamp collar plate.

A second strip of metal is stamped into a clamp center plate. The stamping includes punching a hole at one end of the center plate while the other end is formed into a jaw which has a slot adjacent to it. The closed end of the collar plate slot is inserted into the slot in the center plate so that the hole in the center plate is aligned with the U-shaped ends of the legs of the collar plate and the closed end of the slot in the collar plate fits within the slot formed in the center plate. A set screw is then threaded into the threaded opening of the collar plate, and a connector pin may optionally be inserted into the hole of the center plate, to form a sway brace fitting including the center plate, the collar plate and the set screw. This preferred method for manufacturing the fitting is especially suited for automated assembly lines, wherein the simplicity and speed of the manufacturing process produces a desirably inexpensive end-product

Those of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize the versatility of the present invention. The jaws of the sway brace fitting of the present invention are attachable to a variety of braces, for example, bracing pipes, angle irons, channels, plates and the like. Additionally, the fitting described herein can reliably withstand substantial loads, is simply and expeditiously installable, is economical to manufacture and is desirably inexpensive.

Other specific provisions and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from a reading and study of the specification, claims and figures. As will be realized by those skilled in the art the invention is capable of modifications in various respects, all without departing from the scope and utility of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly the specification and figures should be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a sway brace fitting constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the sway brace fitting of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 a partially sectional side view of the sway brace fitting of FIG. 1 illustrating the deformable gripping of the brace wall;

FIG. 4A is a schematic illustration of the sway brace fitting of FIG. 1 mounted to a substantially horizontal surface;

FIG. 4B is a schematic illustration of the sway brace fitting of FIG. 1 mounted to a substantially vertical surface;

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a sway brace fitting constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates a preferred step during manufacture of the center plate of the sway brace fitting of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 7 illustrates a preferred step during manufacture of the collar plate of the sway brace fitting of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to FIGS. 1 to 3, a preferred embodiment of a sway brace fitting 10 constructed and assembled in accordance with the invention comprises a clamp center plate 12, a clamp collar plate 14, a set screw 16, a bolt 24 and a nut 26. The fitting 10 securely and deformingly grips a brace wall 64 of a brace 76. Additionally, a yoke 22 is incorporated with the sway brace fitting 10 of the present invention.

As schematically illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the sway brace fitting 10 is part of a bracing system 80 used to prevent swaying of pipes and other loads, for example a pipe 76, suspended from ceilings and beams. The fitting 10 firmly grips one end 82 of the brace 76 while the other end 84 of the brace 76 is connected to the load, for example the pipe 76. The yoke 22 is used to attach the sway brace fitting 10 to the ceiling or beam.

As best shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, preferably, one end 11 of the clamp center plate 12 includes a first jaw 18 while the other end 13 has a hole 30. The inner edge of the jaw 18 has a recess 28, including a sharp corner 36, for receiving deformed material 66 (see FIG. 3) from the brace 76. The center plate 12 further includes a slot 32 for receiving the collar plate 14 and an edge 34 which is located above the rear of the first jaw 18. Preferably, a top corner 35 of the edge 34 protrudes towards the end 11 so that the face of the edge 34 is protrudingly angled with respect to the vertical axis of the center plate 12, as best seen in FIG. 3. A support 33 is preferably included in the center plate 12 and is situated adjacent to and above the slot 32 and extends partially over the first jaw 18.

In the preferred embodiment, the clamp collar plate 14 (FIGS. 1 to 3, and 7) includes a pair of legs 40 and 42 spaced by a slot 44 having a closed end 45 and an open end 47 (shown in FIG. 7), and a second jaw 20 with a threaded opening 38 positioned spaced from but close to the closed end 45 of the slot 44. Preferably, the threaded opening 38 is angled so that its longitudinal axis of symmetry is substantially parallel to the edge 34. The collar plate legs 40 and 42 have substantially U-shaped portions 46 and 48, respectively, proximate to the open end of the slot 44. The engagement between the slot 32 of the center plate 12 and the slot 44 of the collar plate 14 spaces and aligns the first jaw 18 and the second jaw 20 for receiving the brace wall 64, and also disposes the threaded opening 38 in substantial alignment with the recess 28. Also, part 21 (see FIG. 3) of the second jaw 20 adjacent to the closed end 45 of the collar plate slot 44 is preferably disposed below and adjacent to the support 33 of the center plate 12. Moreover, when the collar plate 14 is in engagement with the center plate 12, the U-shaped portions 46 and 48 of the collar plate legs 40 and 42, respectively, partially substantially circumscribe respective ends of the center piece hole 30. This allows the bolt 24 to couple the center plate 12 and the collar plate 14 by traversing the U-shaped portions 46 and 48 and the hole 30. The collar plate 14 preferably has a thickness which ensures a substantially comfortable fit into the slot 32 of the center plate 12. Moreover, preferably the slot 44 of the collar plate 14 is so dimensioned that it can comfortably accommodate the thickness of the center plate 12.

Preferably, the center plate 12 and the collar plate 14 are fabricated from hot-rolled low-carbon steel to meet the standards set by the Underwriters Laboratories (U.L.), Factory Mutual Engineering (F.M.), and other such quality control groups. Additionally, the center plate 12 and the collar plate 14 may have a plain or electro-galvanized finish.

The set screw 16 (FIGS. 1 to 3) is threadably movably disposed in the threaded opening 38 of the collar plate. As a result of the opening 38 preferably being angled, the set screw 16 is preferably angled as well and in addition is preferably disposed substantially parallely adjacent to the angled edge 34 of the center plate 12. Moreover, the set screw 16 and its longitudinal axis are substantially aligned with the recess 28 since the threaded opening 38 is in substantial alignment with the recess 28. Preferably, the set screw 16 includes a head 74, a threaded portion 75, and a cone point 50 for firmly lodging in to the brace wall 64. The set screw 16 is preferably fabricated from a hardened carbon steel.

The yoke 22 (FIGS. 1 to 3) includes a pair of opposing side walls 52, 54 which entertain holes 58, 60, respectively, and an end wall 56 with a hole 62. The side walls 58, 60 are positioned over the U-shaped portions 46, 48 of the legs 40, 42, respectively, of the collar plate 14 such that the bolt 24 traverses the yoke side wall holes 58, 60, the U-shaped portions 46, 48 and the center plate hole 30, thereby securing the center plate 12 and the collar plate 14 to one another and to the yoke 22. The hole 62 of the end wall 56 facilitates coupling of the yoke 22, and hence, the sway brace fitting 10, to an attachment component (not shown) affixed to a beam or ceiling.

Preferably, the center plate 12 is about 0.375 inches thick, and has a maximum end-to-end length of about 3 inches and a maximum height of about 2.25 inches. Preferably, the collar plate 14 is about 0.312 inches thick, and has a maximum end-to-end length of about 3 inches, a width of about 1.5 inches and a maximum height of about 1.030 inches. The distance between the opposing faces of the center plate slot 32 is about 0.318 inches which ensures a substantially comfortable fit with the approximately 0.312 inches thick collar plate 14. The width of the collar plate slot 44 is about 0.385 inches, thus permitting a substantially comfortable mating between the approximately 0.375 inches thick center plate 12 and the collar plate 14. Preferably, the spacing between the first jaw 18 and the second jaw 20 is about 0.25 inches.

The maximum depth of the recess 28 of the center plate 12 is preferably about 0.218 inches which is generally more than sufficient to accommodate the deformed material 66 (see FIG. 3). The recess 28 has a top open face and a bottom closed face with the open face having a perimeter size about the same as or slightly larger than the circumferential size of the threaded portion 75 of the set screw 16. Preferably, the edge 34 of the center plate 12 is angled at about 5° with respect to the vertical axis of the center plate 12, as best seen in FIGS. 3 and 6. Preferably, the threaded opening 38 of the collar plate 14 is angled at about 5° so that its longitudinal axis of symmetry is substantially parallel to the edge 34. As a result of the opening 38 preferably being angled at 5°, the set screw 16 is preferably angled at 5° as well and, hence is preferably disposed substantially parallely adjacent to the angled edge 34 of the center plate 12. Preferably, the threaded portion 75 of the set screw 16 is about 1.25 inches long and comprises of standard ½-inch threads. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that these and other dimensions presented herein are descriptive of a preferred embodiment, and that the present invention may be alternatively dimensioned with efficacy.

In use, the brace 76 is inserted between the first jaw 18 and the second jaw 20 of the sway brace fitting 10, as best illustrated in FIG. 3. The spacing between the jaws 18 and 20 permits insertion of braces with various wall thicknesses, though it is preferred that the thickness of the brace 64 be about 25% to 75% of the jaw spacing. A torquing wrench (not shown) is used to tighten the set screw 16 against the brace wall 64 until the screw head 74 breaks off. This forcible engagement of the brace wall 64 with the set screw cone point 50 causes deformation of the brace wall 64 and results in the recess 28 receiving brace wall deformed material 66, thereby securely clamping the brace 76 against the center plate first jaw 18.

Advantageously, the sharp corner 36 (see FIG. 3) of the recess 28 engages the deformed material 66 of the brace wall 64 to resist withdrawal of the brace 76 from between the jaws 18 and 20. Hence, the incorporation of the recess sharp corner 36 provides supplementary means for ensuring that the brace 76 remains firmly lodged in place.

Referring again to FIG. 3, the angled threaded hole 38 and the subsequent angling of the set screw 16 result in the set screw 16 being inclined towards the mouth of the first jaw 18 and second jaw 20. Advantageously, this ensures that when a tensile load is applied to the brace 76 the set screw 16 is forced more tightly into the brace wall 64, thereby effectively enhancing the gripping power of the sway brace fitting 10. Additionally, when a compressive load is applied to the brace 76 the center plate angled edge 34 which is positioned proximate to the set screw 16 obstructs possible movement of the set screw 16 and, hence, prevents possible bending and/or buckling of the second jaw 20, thereby permitting the sway brace fitting 10 to be reliably used at higher loading.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, 6, and 7, the simple manner in which the center plate 12 and the collar plate 14 fit with one another contributes to a desirable feature of the sway brace fitting 10, partially due to the center plate support 33. A substantial portion of the load applied perpendicular to the plane of the second jaw 20 of the collar plate 14 is supported by the center plate support 33. Advantageously, this load is favorably oriented parallel to the plane of the support 33, and thereby the center plate 12, which effectively improves the strength of the sway brace fitting 10 and allows it to withstand higher loads. Additionally, the support 33 provides a strong physical barrier which resists bending of the second jaw 20 of the collar plate 14.

Therefore, the incorporation of the sharp corner 36 in the recess 28 of the center plate first jaw 18, the preferably angled threaded opening 38 in the collar plate second jaw 20, the edge 34 of the center plate first jaw 18, and the support 33 of the center plate 12 each contribute not only to enhancing the load-carrying capacity of the sway brace fitting 10, but also provide a built-in safety redundancy which adds extra degrees of security and reliability in use of the sway brace fitting 10. The preferred embodiment of the fitting 10 illustrated herein can safely withstand loads of over about 5000 pounds.

FIGS. 4A and 4B schematically illustrate the mounting of the sway brace fitting 10 and the manner in which it may be used to brace a load such as, for example, a pipe 78, against sway and seismic disturbances. Of course, the sway brace fitting 10 can alternatively be used for bracing other loads such as ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners, heaters, among others. The pipe 78 is fastened to the brace 76 by using, for example, a clamp 68, though other types of fastening devices may be used with efficacy. FIG. 4A illustrates the sway brace fitting 10 mounted on a horizontal surface 70, such as that of a beam or a ceiling, via an attachment member (not shown) which is engaged with the yoke 22. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 4B the fitting 10 may be mounted to a vertical surface 72, such as that of a beam or a wall.

The brace 76 shown in FIGS. 3, 4A and 4B can be a bracing pipe, an angle iron or a channel which has a wall 64 gripped by the sway brace fitting 10. Additionally, as shown in FIG. 3, the brace 76 may be a plate with a wall 64 lodged in the fitting 10. This exemplifies the versatility of the sway brace fitting of the present invention wherein it is adaptable to various types of braces. In contrast, conventional sway brace fittings are typically restricted to a single type of brace and would need additional attachment components for accommodating different types of braces, thereby adding to the cost and complexity of the sway brace system and to its installation.

The sway brace fitting 10 of the present invention may be manufactured by casting or machining, but a preferred method of manufacturing the sway brace fitting 10 includes stamping flat strips of metal into the desired shapes (see FIGS. 6 and 7). Referring to FIG. 7, a first strip of metal is stamped into a generally rectangular shaped plate 14″. The stamping includes punching an opening 39, preferably angled, through one end of the plate, and punching an elongated slot 44 in an opposite end of the plate to create a pair of spaced legs 40 and 42 such that the slot 44 has a closed end 45 which is spaced from but aligned with the opening 39. The opening 39 is threaded to form a threaded opening 38 (see, for example, FIG. 2). The free ends 46′ and 48′ of the legs 40 and 42, respectively, are bent along the lines marked 86 and 88 (shown in FIG. 7), respectively, into a pair of generally U-shaped portions 46 and 48 to form a clamp collar plate 14 (see, for example, FIG. 2).

Referring to FIG. 6, a second strip of metal is stamped into a clamp center plate 12. The stamping includes punching a hole 30 at one end 13 of the plate 12 while the other end 11 is formed into a first jaw 18 and a support 33 for the collar plate second jaw 20. The first jaw 18 has a recess 28 which in turn has a sharp corner 36, the first jaw 18 having a slot 32 adjacent to it. The closed end 45 of the collar plate slot 44 (FIGS. 2 and 7) is inserted into the slot 32 of the center plate 12 so that the hole 30 in the center plate 12 is aligned with the U-shaped ends 46 and 48 of the legs 40 and 42 of the collar plate 14. Of course, alternatively, the center plate 12 can be inserted into the slot 44 in the collar plate 14 (FIGS. 2 and 7) so that the hole 30 in the center plate 12 is aligned with the U-shaped ends 46 and 48 of the legs 40 and 42 of the collar plate 14 and the closed end of the slot 44 in the collar plate 12 fits within the slot 32 formed in the center plate. The set screw 16 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is then threaded into the threaded opening 38 of the collar plate 12 so that it is positioned adjacent to the center plate edge 34, and optionally the bolt 24 may be inserted into the hole 30 of the center plate 12 and the nut 26 threaded on to the bolt 24, to form the sway brace fitting 10. With the bolt 24 so positioned the plates 12 and 14 are then interlocked so that the jaws 18 and 20 are spaced to receive a brace.

The above-described method is especially suited for automated assembly lines, wherein stamping, punching and bending operations can be efficiently executed. The simplicity and speed of this manufacturing method results in an end-product that is economical to manufacture and, thus is desirably inexpensive. Of course, alternatively, the components of the sway brace fitting may be machined but this process is more time consuming and, consequently, more expensive.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5 a sway brace fitting 10′ includes a clamp 12′ which is casted as a single piece. The clamp 12′ essentially unifies the clamp center plate 12 and the clamp collar plate 14 (see FIGS. 1 to 3). The casted clamp 12′ is substantially cannon-shaped, but is functionally substantially equivalent to the combination of the center plate 12 and the collar plate 14 of the fitting 10 as described hereinabove and shown, for example, in FIGS. 1 to 3. The clamp 12′ comprises a first jaw 18′ with a recess 28′ which in turn includes a sharp corner 36′, a second jaw 20′ with a threaded opening 38′, preferably angled, and a hole 30′ for receiving the bolt 24 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Since the relevant structure and operation of the sway brace fitting 10′ are substantially the same as that of the fitting 10 (FIGS. 1 to 4), they will not be repeated here. In FIG. 5, like numerals refer to like members as characterized in FIGS. 1 to 4.

The utility and versatility of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The sway brace fitting of this invention can not only withstand substantial loads, but is also adaptable to a variety of braces, is simply and expeditiously installable, is economical to manufacture and, hence, desirably inexpensive.

While the components and method of the present invention have been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is manifest that many changes may be made in the specific designs, constructions and methodology hereinabove described without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein for purposes of exemplification, but is to be defined only by a fair reading of the appended claims, including the full range of equivalency to which each element thereof is entitled. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A sway brace fitting comprising: a clamp of rigid material; a first jaw on said clamp; a second jaw on said clamp, said jaws being spaced to receive a wall of a brace, said second jaw having a threaded opening therein; a set screw threadably movable in said opening to engage said wall; said first jaw having a recess on an inner surface for receiving deformed material of said brace wall caused by said set screw forcibly engaging said wall; and said first jaw being oriented in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of orientation of said second jaw; wherein said first jaw substantially bisects said second jaw.
 2. The fitting of claim 1, wherein said recess has a sharp corner which is adapted to be engaged by said deformed material to resist withdrawal of said brace from between said jaws.
 3. The fitting of claim 1, wherein said clamp comprises: a collar plate having a pair of spaced legs on one end, and said second jaw being formed on an opposite end of said collar plate; and a center plate sized to fit between said collar plate legs and having said first jaw formed thereon.
 4. The fitting of claim 3, wherein said center plate includes a slot which receives said collar plate and spaces said jaws.
 5. The fitting of claim 3, wherein said center plate includes a support which is adjacent to part of said second jaw of said collar plate for supporting said second jaw when a load with a component substantially perpendicular to the plane of said second jaw acts on said second jaw.
 6. The fitting of claim 3, wherein said center plate has an edge closely positioned to said set screw to prevent movement of said set strew when a compressive load is applied to said brace.
 7. The fitting of claim 6, wherein said edge is angled a small amount.
 8. The fitting of claim 1, wherein said set screw and said threaded opening are angled a small amount so that when a tension load is applied to said brace, the set screw is forced more tightly into said brace.
 9. The fitting of claim 1, wherein said set screw and said recess are substantially aligned.
 10. A sway brace apparatus comprising: the fitting as recited in claim 1; and said fitting adapted to be engaged with said brace.
 11. The fitting of claim 10, wherein said brace is a pipe.
 12. The fitting of claim 10, wherein said brace is an angled bar.
 13. The fitting of claim 10, wherein said brace is a channel.
 14. The fitting of claim 10, wherein said brace is a plate.
 15. A sway brace fitting comprising: a clamp collar plate having a pair of legs spaced by a slot having a closed end and an open end, said collar plate having a jaw with a threaded opening spaced from said slot closed end; a clamp center plate positioned within said slot and including a jaw, said center plate having a slot for receiving said closed end of said collar plate slot so as to align said center plate jaw with said threaded opening and space said jaws to receive an end of a brace; a set screw extending through said threaded opening to clamp said brace against said center plate jaw; and said center plate further including a support portion extending above said collar plate jaw.
 16. The fitting of claim 15, wherein said center plate jaw has a recess for receiving deformed material from a wall of said brace caused by said set screw forcibly engaging said wall.
 17. The fitting of claim 16, wherein said recess has a sharp corner which is adapted to be engaged by said deformed material to resist withdrawal of said brace from between said jaws.
 18. The fitting of claim 16, wherein said recess and said set screw are substantially aligned.
 19. The fitting of claim 15, wherein said set screw and said threaded opening are angled a small amount so that when a tensile load is applied to said brace, the set screw is forced more tightly into said brace.
 20. The fitting of claim 15, wherein said support portion is adjacent to part of said collar plate jaw for supporting said collar plate jaw when a load with a component substantially perpendicular to the plane of said collar plate jaw acts on said collar plate jaw.
 21. The fitting of claim 15, wherein said support portion has an edge positioned closely adjacent to said set screw which prevents movement of said set screw when a compressive load is applied to said brace.
 22. The fitting of claim 21, wherein said edge is angled a small amount.
 23. The fitting of claim 15, wherein said set screw has a hardened cone point for deformingly engaging a wall of said brace.
 24. The fitting of claim 15 in combination with a brace engaged with said fitting to form a sway brace system.
 25. The fitting of claim 24, wherein said brace is a pipe.
 26. The fitting of claim 24, wherein said brace is an angled bar.
 27. The fitting of claim 24, wherein said brace is a channel.
 28. The fitting of claim 24, wherein said brace is a plate.
 29. A sway brace apparatus comprising: a pipe; a clamp having a jaw fitting within an open end of said pipe and engaging an inner surface of a wall of said pipe; a set screw threadably mounted to said camp to be movable towards said jaw to engage an exterior surface of said pipe wall, so as to grip said pipe wall between said set screw and said jaw; and said clamp including a clamp collar plate having a pair of legs spaced by a slot, with said slot having a closed end and an open end, said collar plate having a jaw with a threaded opening spaced from said closed slot end, said set screw being mounted in said opening; and a clamp center plate positioned within said slot and having a portion forming a jaw in said pipe, said center plate having a slot for receiving said closed end of said collar plate slot so as to align said center plate jaw with said threaded opening and space said jaws to receive said pipe wall, said set screw extending through said threaded opening to clamp said pipe wall against said center plate jaw.
 30. A method of connecting a bracing pipe to a support comprising: inserting a jaw of a clamp into an open end of said bracing pipe with said jaw being positioned adjacent an inner surface of a wall of said pipe; positioning an end of a set screw mounted in said clamp adjacent an outer surface of said pipe wall; rotating said set screw to grip said pipe wall between said jaw and said set screw; and gripping said pipe wall between said jaw and said set screw with sufficient force to deform a portion of said pipe wall into a recess in a surface of said jaw engaged by said pipe wall.
 31. The method of claim 30, including pivotally connecting said clamp to said support.
 32. The method of claim 30, including pivotally connecting said clamp to a yoke; and mounting said yoke to said support.
 33. A sway brace fitting comprising: a clamp of rigid material; a jaw on said clamp; a set screw comprising a threaded portion, said set screw being threadably mounted on said clamp and movable towards said jaw to clamp a brace between said set screw and said jaw; said jaw having a recess formed thereon, said recess being configured to receive deformed material of a wall of said brace caused by said set screw forcibly engaging said wall to thereby resist withdrawal of said brace from between said set screw and said jaw; and said recess having a top open face and a bottom closed face, said open face being configured such that it has a size about the same as or slightly larger than the circumferential size of said threaded portion of said set screw.
 34. A sway brace apparatus comprising: a pipe; a clamp having a jaw fitting within an open end of said pipe and engaging an inner surface of a wall of said pipe; a set screw threadably mounted to said clamp to be movable towards said jaw to engage an exterior surface of said pipe wall, so as to grip said pipe wall between said set screw and said jaw; and a recess formed on said jaw for receiving wall material deformed into said recess by said set screw and being substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of said set screw.
 35. The apparatus of claim 34, including a member pivotally connected to said clamp for connecting said clamp to a support surface.
 36. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein said clamp includes a support resisting the tilting of said set screw when a force is applied to said pipe in a direction to try to withdraw said pipe wall from between said set screw and said jaw.
 37. A sway brace fitting comprising: a clamp of rigid material; a first jaw on said clamp; a second jaw on said clamp, said jaws being spaced to receive a wall of a brace, said second jaw having a threaded opening therein; a set screw threadably movable in said opening to engage said wall; said first jaw having a recess for receiving deformed material of said brace wall caused by said set screw forcibly engaging said wall; said clamp comprising; a collar plate having a pair of spaced legs on one end, and said second jaw being formed on an opposite end of said collar plate; and a center plate sized to fit between said collar plate legs and having said first jaw formed thereon; and said collar plate legs having free ends that are formed into a general U-shape and are adapted to receive a connector pin, and said center plate having a hole aligned with said U-shaped ends of said legs to receive said pin.
 38. A sway brace fitting comprising: a clamp collar plate having a pair of legs spaced by a slot having a closed end and an open end, said collar plate having a jaw with a threaded opening spaced from said slot closed end; a clamp center plate positioned within said slot and including a jaw, said center plate having a slot for receiving said closed end of said collar plate slot so as to align said center plate jaw with said threaded opening and space said jaws to receive an end of a brace; a set screw extending through said threaded opening to clamp said brace against said center plate jaw; and said collar plate legs being deformed on one end to form two U-shaped portions adapted to receive a connector pin, and said center plate having a hole on one end aligned with said U-shaped portions to receive said connector pin. 